The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to take a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.